Portrait of King Haakon 1906; Queen Maud and crown prince Olav.King Harald determined to remove his youngest son out of harm's way and accordingly sent him to the court of King Athelstan of England. Haakon was fostered by King Athelstan, as part of an agreement made by his father. When King Haakon and Queen Maud arrived in Norway in 1905, the stables were empty, and the king and queen themselves had to purchase horses, carriages. Haakon VII of Norway - Wikipedia. Haakon VII (Norwegian pronunciation: . He reigned from November 1. September 1. 95. 7.
Kongelig Resolution, hvorved bl.a. But in 1905, when King Haakon VII was elected King, Kristiania Municipality was financially responsible, a situation it was not very. As one of the few elected monarchs, Haakon quickly won the respect and affection of his people. He played a pivotal role in uniting the Norwegian nation in its resistance to the Nazi invasion and subsequent five- year- long occupation of his country during World War II. Regarded as one of the greatest Norwegians of the twentieth century, he is particularly revered for his courage during the German invasion. During his reign, he saw his father, his brother and his nephew, Frederick IX, ascend the throne of Denmark, respectively in 1. He died at the age of 8. September 1. 95. 7, after having reigned for nearly 5. Family and early life. Furthermore, he was a younger brother of Christian X, a paternal grandson of King Christian IX of Denmark, and a maternal grandson of King Charles XV of Sweden (who was also king of Norway as Charles IV). Prince Carl was born at Charlottenlund Palace near Copenhagen. He belonged to the Schleswig- Holstein- Sonderburg- Gl. The House of Oldenburg had been the Danish royal family since 1. The house was originally from northern Germany, where the Glucksburg (Lyksborg) branch held their small fief. The family had permanent links with Norway beginning from the late Middle Ages. Several of his paternal ancestors had been kings of independent Norway (Haakon V of Norway, Christian I of Norway, Frederick I, Christian III, Frederick II, Christian IV, as well as Frederick III of Norway who integrated Norway into the Oldenburg state with Denmark, Slesvig and Holstein, after which it was not independent until 1. Christian Frederick, who was King of Norway briefly in 1. Norwegian 1. 81. 4 constitution and struggle for independence, was his great- granduncle. Prince Carl was raised in the royal household in Copenhagen and educated at the Royal Danish Naval Academy. Their son, Prince Alexander, the future Crown Prince Olav (and eventually king Olav V of Norway), was born on 2 July 1. Gradually, Prince Carl became the leading candidate, largely because he was descended from independent Norwegian kings. He also had a son, providing an heir- apparent to the throne, and the fact that his wife, Princess Maud, was a member of the British Royal Family was viewed by many as an advantage to the newly independent Norwegian nation. When Carl accepted the offer that same evening (after the approval of his grandfather Christian IX of Denmark), he immediately endeared himself to his adopted country by taking the Old Norse name of Haakon, a name used by no less than six previous kings of Norway. At Oscarsborg Fortress, they boarded the Norwegian naval ship Heimdal. After a three- day journey, they arrived in Kristiania (now Oslo) early on the morning of 2. November 1. 90. 5. Two days later, Haakon took the oath as Norway's first independent king in 5. The coronation of Haakon and Maud took place in Nidaros Cathedral in Trondheim on 2. June 1. 90. 6. He traveled extensively through Norway. Although the Constitution of Norway vests the King with considerable executive powers, in practice nearly all major governmental decisions were made by the Government (the Council of State) in his name. Haakon confined himself to non- partisan roles without interfering in politics, a practice continued by his son and grandson. However, his long rule gave him considerable moral authority as a symbol of the country's unity. Haakon, Maud and Crown Prince Olav became interested in skiing. This sport is often viewed as typically Norwegian. They were often seen with their skis while on tour. Olav later became a champion in ski jumping. She was the daughter of Haakon's sister Ingeborg and Prince Carl, Duke of V. Queen Maud died on 2. November 1. 93. 8. Resistance during World War II. The German naval detachment sent to capture Oslo was opposed by Oscarsborg Fortress. The fortress fired at the invaders, damaging the pocket battleship. L. This led to the withdrawal of the rest of the German flotilla, preventing the invaders from occupying Oslo at dawn as had been planned. The German delay in occupying Oslo, along with swift action by the President of the Storting, C. Hambro, created the opportunity for the Norwegian Royal Family, the cabinet, and most of the 1. Storting (parliament) to make a hasty departure from the capital by special train. The Storting first convened at Hamar the same afternoon, but with the rapid advance of German troops, the group moved on to Elverum. The assembled Storting unanimously enacted a resolution, the so- called Elverum Authorization, granting the cabinet full powers to protect the country until such time as the Storting could meet again. The next day, Curt Br. The German diplomat called on Haakon to accept Adolf Hitler's demands to end all resistance and appoint Vidkun Quisling as prime minister. Quisling, the leader of Norway's fascist party, the Nasjonal Samling, had declared himself prime minister hours earlier in Oslo as head of what would be a German puppet government; had Haakon formally appointed him, it would have effectively given legal sanction to the invasion. While Haakon would have been well within his rights to make such a decision on his own authority (since declaring war and peace are part of the royal prerogative), even at this critical hour he refused to abandon the convention that he acted on the Government's advice. In an emotional meeting in Nybergsund, the King reported the German ultimatum to his cabinet. While Haakon could not make the decision himself, he knew he could use his moral authority to influence it. Accordingly, Haakon told the cabinet: I am deeply affected by the responsibility laid on me if the German demand is rejected. The responsibility for the calamities that will befall people and country is indeed so grave that I dread to take it. It rests with the government to decide, but my position is clear. For my part I cannot accept the German demands. It would conflict with all that I have considered to be my duty as King of Norway since I came to this country nearly thirty- five years ago. However, if the cabinet felt otherwise, the King said he would abdicate so as not to stand in the way of the Government's decision. Nils Hjelmtveit, Minister of Church and Education, later wrote: This made a great impression on us all. More clearly than ever before, we could see the man behind the words; the king who had drawn a line for himself and his task, a line from which he could not deviate. We had through the five years . Within hours, it telephoned its refusal to Br. That night, NRK broadcast the government's rejection of the German demands to the Norwegian people. In that same broadcast, the Government announced that it would resist the German invasion as long as possible, and expressed their confidence that Norwegians would lend their support to the cause. The King and his ministers took refuge in the snow- covered woods and escaped harm, continuing farther north through the mountains toward Molde on Norway's west coast. As the British forces in the area lost ground under Luftwaffe bombardment, the King and his party were taken aboard the British cruiser HMS Glasgow at Molde and conveyed a further 1,0. Troms. Haakon and Crown Prince Olav took up residence in a forest cabin in M. While residing in Troms. The situation was dramatically altered, however, by their deteriorating situation in the Battle of France. With the Germans rapidly overrunning France, the Allied high command decided that the forces in northern Norway should be withdrawn. The Royal Family and Norwegian Government were evacuated from Troms. This evacuation became extremely costly for the Royal Navy when the German warships Scharnhorst and Gneisenau attacked and sank the nearby aircraft carrier HMS Glorious with its escorting destroyers HMS Acasta and HMS Ardent. Devonshire did not rebroadcast the enemy sighting report made by Glorious as she could not disclose her position by breaking radio silence. No other British ship received the sighting report, and 1,5. British officers and men and three warships were lost. Devonshire arrived safely in London and King Haakon and his Cabinet set up a Norwegian government in exile in the British capital. Initially, King Haakon and Crown Prince Olav were guests at Buckingham Palace, but at the start of the London Blitz in September 1. Bowdown House in Berkshire. The construction of the adjacent RAF Greenham Common airfield in March 1. Foliejon Park in Winkfield, near Windsor, in Berkshire, where they remained until the liberation of Norway. Here Haakon attended weekly Cabinet meetings and worked on the speeches which were regularly broadcast by radio to Norway by the BBC World Service. These broadcasts helped to cement Haakon's position as an important national symbol to the Norwegian resistance. Famously, one of the broadcasts went badly wrong when instead of the expected fanfare, the sound library delivered the sound of a funfair. Luckily, King Haakon found the mix- up funny and stifling a giggle, pronounced to the Norwegian people . On Hitler's orders, Terboven attempted to coerce the Storting to depose the King; the Storting declined, citing constitutional principles. A subsequent ultimatum was made by the Germans, threatening to intern all Norwegians of military age in German concentration camps. The King declined, politely replying that the Storting was acting under duress. The King gave his answer on 3 July, and proclaimed it on BBC radio on 8 July. The King's monogram was also painted and otherwise reproduced on various surfaces as a show of resistance to the occupation. Haakon saw two of his great- grandchildren being born, Haakon Lorentzen (b. August 1. 95. 4) and Ingeborg Lorentzen (b. February 1. 95. 7). Crown Princess M. Kong Frederik VIII i Kristiania 1.
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